That is correct. "Am not" is the negative form of the verb "to be" in the first person singular (I am not). Unlike the other forms of "to be," there is no contracted form for "am not." We use "aren't" as the contracted form in the question tag.

For example:

• I am not going to the party, aren't I? (question tag using "aren't" as the contracted form for "am not")
• I am not happy with the situation, are you? (question tag using "are" as the contracted form for "am not" in the negative sentence)

In informal speech, some people may use "ain't" as a contraction for "am not," but this is considered non-standard English and should be avoided in formal writing or situations.

In Imperative sentences, the question tag “won’t you” is used

Yes, that is correct. In imperative sentences, where a command or request is given, the question tag "won't you" is often used to politely ask for confirmation or agreement.

For example:

• Close the door, won't you? (imperative sentence followed by a question tag)
• Please help me with the groceries, won't you? (request followed by a question tag)
• Pass me the salt, won't you? (command followed by a question tag)

The use of "won't you" in these cases is a polite way to ask for cooperation or agreement. It is important to note that "will you" can also be used as a question tag in imperative sentences, but it may sound more direct or less polite than "won't you."

Plural verbs and plural pronouns are used when discussing individual collective noun members or when there is disagreement among the members of the collective noun.

That is correct. When discussing individual members of a collective noun or when there is disagreement among the members of the collective noun, we use plural verbs and plural pronouns.

For example:

• The committee have submitted their reports. ("committee" is a collective noun, but "have" and "their" are plural because the sentence is referring to individual members of the committee)
• The jury are divided in their opinions. ("jury" is a collective noun, but "are" and "their" are plural because the sentence is referring to the different opinions of the individual members of the jury)
• The team have won their last three games. ("team" is a collective noun, but "have" and "their" are plural because the sentence is referring to the individual members of the team and their achievements)

It's important to note that not all collective nouns are treated as plurals. Some collective nouns are treated as singular nouns and require singular verbs and singular pronouns. It depends on the context and usage of the collective noun in the sentence.

Since each, every, everyone, everyone, no one, nobody, and none are singular words, they must be accompanied by singular verbs, singular pronouns, and singular adjectives; however, the words in their question tag must be in the plural for both the verb.

That is correct. Words like "each," "every," "everyone," "no one," "nobody," and "none" are singular words and therefore require singular verbs, singular pronouns, and singular adjectives when used in a sentence. However, when these words are followed by a question tag, the question tag should be in the plural form.

For example:

• Everyone is enjoying the party, aren't they? ("everyone" is singular and requires a singular verb and pronoun, but the question tag "aren't they" is in the plural form)
• Each of the students has finished their homework, haven't they? ("each" is singular and requires a singular verb and pronoun, but the question tag "haven't they" is in the plural form)
• Nobody wants to be left out, do they? ("nobody" is singular and requires a singular verb and pronoun, but the question tag "do they" is in the plural form)

Using a plural question tag in this context is a way to acknowledge that the sentence is about a group of individuals, even though the words used are singular. It is also a way to invite agreement or confirmation from the listener.

Singular pronouns and singular verbs are used with collective nouns in question tag

That is generally true. Collective nouns can be treated as singular or plural depending on the context of the sentence. In many cases, when a collective noun is used in the subject of the sentence, it is treated as a singular noun and requires a singular verb and singular pronoun in the question tag.

For example:

• The team is playing well, isn't it? ("team" is a collective noun and is singular in this sentence, so "is" and "it" are singular in the question tag)
• The committee has made a decision, hasn't it? ("committee" is a collective noun and is singular in this sentence, so "has" and "it" are singular in the question tag)
• The family is planning a vacation, aren't they? ("family" is a collective noun and is singular in this sentence, so "is" and "they" are singular in the question tag)

However, in some cases, a collective noun can be treated as plural, especially when the focus is on the individual members of the group. In these cases, plural verbs and plural pronouns would be used in the question tag.

For example:

• The committee are divided in their opinions, aren't they? ("committee" is a collective noun, but because the sentence is referring to individual members of the committee, "are" and "they" are plural in the question tag)
• The family are arguing about where to go, aren't they? ("family" is a collective noun, but because the sentence is referring to the disagreements among the individual members, "are" and "they" are plural in the question tag)

So, whether a singular or plural verb and pronoun is used in the question tag with a collective noun depends on the context and meaning of the sentence.

Always create a question tag in line with the main part of the statement

Yes, that is correct. When creating a question tag, it should be in line with the main part of the statement in terms of verb tense, subject-verb agreement, and overall meaning.

For example:

• He is going to the store, isn't he? (present tense statement followed by a present tense question tag)
• They were at the party last night, weren't they? (past tense statement followed by a past tense question tag)
• She hasn't finished her homework yet, has she? (present perfect tense statement followed by a present perfect tense question tag)

In each of these examples, the question tag is created to match the tense and meaning of the main statement. This helps to ensure that the question tag is grammatically correct and that it makes sense in the context of the sentence.

It's also important to note that the tone of the question tag can change depending on the intended meaning. A rising tone at the end of the question tag can indicate uncertainty or a request for confirmation, while a falling tone can indicate a statement of fact or a challenge.

“There” will be used for the pronoun in the question tag if the sentence’s first word is “there.”

Yes, that is correct. When the sentence begins with "there" as an introductory word, the pronoun "there" is repeated in the question tag.

For example:

• There is a lot of work to do, isn't there? ("There" is used as an introductory word, and "there" is repeated in the question tag)
• There are some books on the table, aren't there? ("There" is used as an introductory word, and "there" is repeated in the question tag)

This repetition of "there" in the question tag helps to clarify that the sentence is about the existence or presence of something, rather than the action of a specific subject.

It's important to note that this rule only applies when "there" is used as an introductory word, and not as a pronoun referring to a specific noun in the sentence. In the latter case, the appropriate pronoun should be used in the question tag.

Some words are negative in meaning. e.g., hardly, seldom, scarcely, rarely, barely etc. They will therefore use the affirmative question tag

Yes, that is correct. When a sentence contains a negative word like "hardly," "seldom," "scarcely," "rarely," "barely," etc., the question tag will use an affirmative form. This is because the negative word already expresses a negative meaning, so the question tag is used to seek confirmation or agreement, rather than to create a negative meaning.

For example:

• She hardly ever goes to the gym, does she? (The negative word "hardly" is used in the sentence, so the question tag uses an affirmative form)
• We barely made it to the movie on time, did we? (The negative word "barely" is used in the sentence, so the question tag uses an affirmative form)

In contrast, when a sentence contains a positive word like "always," "often," "usually," "frequently," etc., the question tag will use a negative form to seek confirmation or agreement.

For example:

• He always gets good grades, doesn't he? (The positive word "always" is used in the sentence, so the question tag uses a negative form)

It's important to use the appropriate question tag to match the meaning of the sentence and the word used in it.

“Will you/would you” is used in the question tag when someone is being offered something in an imperative statement or when they are being asked to do something.

Yes, that is correct. "Will you" or "would you" is often used in the question tag when someone is being offered something or being asked to do something in an imperative statement.

For example:

• Have some cake, will you? (The imperative statement is "have some cake," and the question tag uses "will you" to offer the cake)
• Please close the window, would you? (The imperative statement is "please close the window," and the question tag uses "would you" to ask the person to do it)

The use of "will you" or "would you" in these types of questions is often seen as polite and respectful, as it acknowledges the person's autonomy and gives them the opportunity to decline the offer or request.

It's important to note that this rule only applies in specific situations where an offer or request is being made in an imperative statement. In other situations, different question tags may be more appropriate, depending on the tense, subject-verb agreement, and meaning of the sentence.

In some cases, the sentence is lacking an auxiliary verb. The verb given in the sentence could be either in present simple or past simple (and is positive). We use don’t, doesn’t or didn’t (as per the tense used in the sentence).

Yes, that is correct. When a sentence is lacking an auxiliary verb, the appropriate form of "do" or "did" is used in the question tag, depending on the tense of the verb in the sentence.

For example:

• He drinks coffee every morning, doesn't he? (The verb "drinks" is in present simple, so the question tag uses "doesn't")
• She went to the store yesterday, didn't she? (The verb "went" is in past simple, so the question tag uses "didn't")

The use of "do" or "did" in the question tag helps to create the necessary auxiliary verb and maintain subject-verb agreement in the sentence. In addition, using a negative question tag in this situation creates a tag that is the opposite of the positive statement, which is why "don't," "doesn't," or "didn't" is used.

It's important to note that this rule only applies in specific situations where an auxiliary verb is missing from the sentence. In other situations, different question tags may be more appropriate, depending on the tense, subject-verb agreement, and meaning of the sentence.

If a statement begins with "I'm," which is a contraction of "I am," the question tag should use the appropriate form of "aren't I" or "am I not," depending on the context and tone of the sentence.

For example:

• I'm going to the party, aren't I? (The question tag uses "aren't I" to seek confirmation or agreement)
• I'm not bothering you, am I not? (The question tag uses "am I not" to express a more formal or emphatic tone)

Using the appropriate form of the question tag helps to maintain subject-verb agreement and create a clear and grammatically correct sentence. In general, "aren't I" is more commonly used in everyday speech, while "am I not" is used in more formal or emphatic situations.

It's important to note that the use of contractions like "I'm" is generally more informal than using the full form of "I am," so the tone and context of the sentence should also be considered when choosing the appropriate question tag.